Fig. 4

Biocompatibility evaluation. A The hemolysis images of red blood cells with CPM, CPCM, and CPCCM (12.5–200 μg/mL) treatment. B Hemolysis rates of NPs by UV–vis measured at 540 nm. C The microscopy image of red blood cells treated with CPM, CPCM, and CPCCM (50 μg/mL). D Platelet aggregation assay of CPM, CPCM, and CPCCM (50 μg/mL). E Cell viability assay of MDA-MA-231 cells and (F) NIH-3T3 cells treated with CPM, CPCM, and CPCCM (12.5–200 μg/mL). Data were shown as mean ± SD, n = 3. ANOVA was used to assess statistical significance, ***p < 0.001