Fig. 3

PDA NPs reversed peripheral inflammation. a Schematic diagram showing the measurement of spleen weight and the detection of inflammatory factors in serum by ELISA assay. b Representative picture of spleen and the corresponding bar graphs with dots showing c spleen weight [F (3, 16) = 6.798, P = 0.0036] and d the ratio of spleen weight/body weight [F (3, 16) = 35.10, P < 0.0001] as well as the serum levels of e TNF-α [F (3, 15) = 45.95, P < 0.0001] and f IL-1β [F (3, 16) = 33.20, P < 0.0001]. Data are presented as the means ± SEM (n = 4–5/group). Results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni test for post hoc comparisons. (*): P < 0.05, (**): P < 0.01 versus indicated groups; (n.s.): not significant. LPS lipopolysaccharide, PBS phosphate-buffered saline, PDA NPs polydopamine nanoparticles, ELISA enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL1-β interleukin-1 beta