Fig. 4
a Fluorescence images of A375 cells containing Lipo/pB-DOX, Lipo/ICG, and Lipo/pB-DOX/ICG after intracellular ROS generation by laser irradiation (1.0 W/cm2) for 1 or 2 min (scale bar: 200 μm). b Flow cytometry analysis of A375 cells after different treatments. c CLSM images of A375 cells incubated with Lipo/pB-DOX/ICG and irradiated for different periods of time (scale bar: 50 μm). d Flow cytometry analysis of A375 cells incubated with Lipo/pB-DOX/ICG and irradiated for different periods of time. Ex: 488 nm/Em: 525 nm for DCF; Ex: 505 nm/Em: 550 nm for pB-DOX. e MTT assays of Lipo/pB-DOX, Lipo/ICG + laser, Lipo/pB-DOX/ICG, and Lipo/pB-DOX/ICG + laser groups over 24 h in A375 cells. f Fluorescence images of A375 cells co-stained with PI and AM and treated under the different conditions listed in e after incubation for 0 or 12 h (overnight) and NIR irradiation (scale bar: 100 μm). The live cells are stained green, and the dead cells are stained red. g Quantitative flow cytometry analysis of the A375 cells stained with PI. The data shown represent the mean ± SD, n = 3 per group. NS no significance. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001)