Fig. 5
Anti-oxidative stress studies in vitro. A Intracellular fluorescence of DCFH-DA (ROS) after TBHP-induced RPE was treated with different formulations. B Intracellular fluorescence of Fluo-4 AM (Ca2+) after CoCl2-induced RPE was treated with different formulations. Data are shown as mean ± SD, n = 4. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs Model; ##P < 0.01. ELISA tests of C TNF-α, D IL-1β, E MDA, and F SOD secreted by H2O2-induced RPE treated with different formulations for 24 h. Data are shown as mean ± SD, n = 6. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs Model; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01