Fig. 5

ADNVs promote the functional transition of TAMs through activation of the STING pathway. BMDMs from WT mice and STING^gt/gt mice were polarized into M2 type and then treated with two doses of ADNVs¹ (20 μg/mL) or ADNVs² (30 μg/mL) for 24 h. A Immunoblotting of STING and downstream signaling molecules in macrophages. B, C Flow cytometry analysis and quantification of M1 (CD86⁺) and M2 (CD206⁺) populations. ns: non-significant, *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001 (Student’s t-test). D Diagram of workflow for the in vivo experiments. BMDMs from WT mice and STING^gt/gt mice were polarized into M2 type, labeled with Dil, and transferred into tumor-bearing mice. The animals were then treated with ADNVs for 24 h. E Flow cytometry and F quantification of the portion of M1 (CD86⁺) and M2 (CD206⁺) subsets respectively. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 (One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s significant difference post hoc test). The results are from one of three independent experiments. Shown are representative images, and the data are presented as means ± SEM