Fig. 3From: Cu-doped TiO2 nanoparticles improve local antitumor immune activation and optimize dendritic cell vaccine strategiesA Relative photon flux of luminescent KLN 205 tumors grafted subcutaneously treated with the respective NPs (100 µg/mouse, single bolus administered peritumorally) or vehicle control expressed as fold-difference compared to the original time point (day 0). B Kaplan-Meyer survival curves of the animals bearing subcutaneous KLN 205 tumors and treated with the respective NPs or vehicle control. C Representative micrographs of hematoxylin and eosin stained tissue sections obtained from different organs of control animals or animals given 33% Cu-doped TiO2 NPs. D Blood biochemistry analysis of blood samples obtained from tumor-bearing DBA2 mice having received saline (control) or 33% Cu-doped TiO2 NPs. E Relative photon flux expressed as fold difference and F Kaplan-Meyer survival curves of DBA2 mice bearing KLN 205 tumors treated with 33% Cu-doped TiO2 NPs, anti-CD8 antibody, combination of both or vehicle control (saline). The anti-CD8 antibody was administered intravenously in 3 different boluses each at 200 µg/mouse at 5, 3 and 1 day prior to NP or PBS administration. G Relative photon flux expressed as fold difference and H Kaplan-Meyer survival curves of DBA2 mice bearing KLN 205 tumors treated with 33% Cu-doped TiO2 NPs, anti-CSF1R antibody, combination of both or vehicle control (saline). The anti-CSFR1 antibody was administered intravenously in 3 different boluses each at 200 µg/mouse at 5, 3 and 1 day prior to NP or PBS administration. I Relative photon flux expressed as fold difference and J Kaplan-Meyer survival curves of DBA2 mice bearing KLN 205 tumors treated with 33% Cu-doped TiO2 NPs, anti-PD1 antibody as immunotherapy, combination of both or vehicle control (saline). The anti-PD1 antibody was administered intravenously in 3 different boluses each at 200 µg/mouse at 2 days prior to, together with or 2 days following NP or PBS administration. Significant differences between a treated group and untreated controls at the same time point are indicated where relevant (p < 0.05: *, p < 0.01: **; p < 0.001: ***; p < 0.0001: ****) based on ANOVA testing using GraphPad Prism 9 (n = 8)Back to article page