Fig. 3

Fabrication and characterization of OE-MSC-Exos loaded hydrogel (Exos@SFMA). (a) Photographs of the photo-triggered gelation process of hydrogel for OE-MSC-Exos encapsulation. (b) Rheological analysis of hydrogels. (c) Compressive stress and (d) Young’s modulus of hydrogels. Values represent means ± S.D. (n = 3). (e) Photographs of compression and recovery process of hydrogels for stress dispersion. (f) Contact angle of hydrogels. Values represent the means ± S.D. (n = 5). (g) SEM images of microstructure and OE-MSC-Exos encapsulated in hydrogels. (Dispersed exosomes are indicated by white arrows) *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001