Fig. 3

Comparison of the conventional one-pot and continuous biomineralization approach. (A) TEM of BANSs in ANSs solutions (pH 6.5-7) at various times. Scale bars: 0.1 μm. (B) TGA of CaCO₃ and BANSs for various times. (C) Schematic representation of continuous biomineralization approach and the possible molecular structure of BANSs. (D) Schematic of the crystal structures of CaCO₃ powder and BANSs based on the XRD pattern in Fig. 2D. (E) Schematic illustration of conventional one-pot approach. (F) TEM images of OVA@CaCO₃ (scale bar, 0.5 μm). (G) Schematic illustration of the crystallographic structure of OVA@CaCO₃.