Fig. 4
BANSs promote the cytosolic delivery of antigens and enhance maturation and cross-presentation. (A) Schematic diagram of cytosolic delivery of antigens. (B) Phagocytosis efficiency of DC2.4 on different vaccine formulations by flow cytometry. (C) Flow cytometry analysis of intracellular Ca2+ levels. (D) Flow cytometry analysis of endo-/lysosomal membrane instability. CLSM analysis of OVA (E) and BANSs (F) about endosome/lysosome co-localization Endo-/lysosomes (red) were stained with Lyso-Tracker Red. Nuclei (blue) were stained with Hoechst 33,342. OVA and BANSs were labeled with FITC (green). Scale bars are 10 μm. (G) Schematic illustration of BMDC maturation and antigen presentation by BANSs. (H) BANSs promote the maturation of BMDCs. (I) BANSs promote the in vitro cross-presentation of BMDC. Data are shown as the mean ± SD (n = 3). (ns, not significant, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001)