Fig. 18

Antibiofilm analysis of a, b IONPs-free nanocomposites containing 0, 0.05, 0.5, and 1% AgNPs (samples 1, 2, 3, and 4) against a S. aureus, and b P. aeruginosa; c, d AgNPs-free nanocomposites containing 0, 5, 10, and 15% IONPs (samples 1, 5, 9 and 13) in the absence and presence of EMF against c S. aureus, and d P. aeruginosa; e, f Ag/IO nanocomposites containing 0.05, 0.5, and 1% AgNPs; and 5, 10, and 15% IONPs in the absence and presence EMF against e S. aureus, and f P. aeruginosa. Data are reported as the mean ± SD (n = 5 and *p < 0.05)