Extracellular vesicles: emerging roles, biomarkers and therapeutic strategies in fibrotic diseases

Table 2 (continued)

Origin	Cargos in EVs	Model	Mechanism	Function	Ref.
HLSCs	proteins	mouse NSAH	undefined	improve liver function and morphology, reduce liver fibrosis and inflammation	[136]
LSCs	proteins and miRs	mouse/rat PF	undefined	reestablish normal alveolar structure, decrease collagen accumulation and myofibroblast proliferation	[139]
hAECs	proteins and miRs	mouse PF	undefined	reduce lung inflammation, improve tissue-to-airspace ratio and reduce fibrosis	[142]
iPSC-CMs	miR-106a–363 cluster (miR-106a, -18b, 19b, -20b, -92a, and − 363)	mouse MI	↓Notch3	induce cardiomyocyte cell proliferation, reduce myocardial fibrosis	[145]
EnCs/ EpCs-II	miR-223/miR-27b-3p	mouse ALI/PF	↓RGS1	regulate immune balance of alveolar macrophages, reduce pulmonary fibrosis	[148]
HBECs	miR-16, miR-26a, miR-26b, miR-141, miR-148a, and miR-200a	mouse PF	↓TGF-β-WNT crosstalk	inhibit myofibroblast differentiation and lung epithelial cellular senescence, reduce lung fibrosis	[149]
HSCs	miR-214	mouse liver fibrosis	↓CCN2	inhibit fibrogenic signaling	[150]
Macrophages	miR-233	mouse NSAH	↓TAZ	attenuate liver inflammation, reduce pro-fibrotic genes	[152]
serum	miR-34c, -151-3p, -483-5p, -532-5p and - 687	mouse liver fibrosis	undefined	suppress hepatic collagen deposition and inflammation, reduce fibrosis	[153]

ISSN: 1477-3155