Fig. 4
Investigation of photothermally-driven conformational changes in PHNs. a Schematics for dehydration procedure of A-PHN under the stimuli (i.e., light or heat). b Hydrodynamic diameters of A-PHN dispersion according to changing (i) light exposure time and (ii) solution temperature. c In-situ Raman measurements of A-PHN during the continuous laser illumination, and dark-field images of assembled A-PHN at one spot (Scale bar: 20 µm). d Surface charges of A-PHN and M-PHN by increasing the solution temperature. e Monitoring of transmittance using A-PHN and M-PHN by increasing the solution temperature. f Temperature-dependent 1H-NMR of A-PHN dispersed in D2O. (i, ii) Cropped spectra corresponding to PNIPAM nanogel-specific bonds denoted as a and b. (iii) The temperature-dependent relative integrals of the typical proton signals from spectra