Fig. 8

TME and metabolism regulation in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice treated with SDPNs. (A, B) The relative mRNA expression of STAT3 and HIF1-α in tumor tissues by qPCR assay. (C) Immunohistochemical staining of TGF-β1, CD31, and MMP-9 in tumor tissue sections of saline and SDPN-treated groups. Scale bar = 100 μm. (D) Immunofluorescence staining of tumor tissue sections for collagen I and α-SMA. Scale bar = 200 μm. (E-G) The relative mRNA expression of c-Myc, LDHA, and GLUT1 in tumor tissues by qPCR assay. Mean ± SD, n = 3; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. Abbreviations: TME, tumor microenvironment; SDPN, sophorolipid-associated membrane-biomimetic choline phosphate-poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid hybrid nanoparticle; qPCR, quantitative polymerase chain reaction; SD, standard deviation