Fig. 1

Identification of ADSCs and ADSC-Exos. a Flow cytometry analysis showed that ADSC were highly positive for CD73, CD90 and CD44, but negative for CD34 and HLA-DR. b The morphology of ADSC (Scar bar, 100 μm). c, d The typical phenotypes of osteocytes (stained with Alizarin Red) and adipocytes (stained with Oil Red O) (Scar bar, 200 μm). e Exosomes isolated from ADSC culture media were observed by electron microscope (Scale bar: 100 nm). f Measurement of ADSC-Exos population using nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) demonstrated a single-peaked pattern. g Surface markers of ADSC-Exos were confirmed by western blotting (CD9, CD63, and CD81)