Fig. 4

The effectiveness of PBA-CS-VE-VRC in treating fungal keratitis is illustrated, highlighting its role in minimizing ocular irritation while enhancing corneal permeability and extending immediate retention time for the administration of topical ocular medications. A The structure of PBA-CS-VE-VRC nanocelles and their role in treating corneal diseases is diagrammed. B The HET-CAM assay, an in vitro surrogate for ocular stimulation, is employed to assess the irritation potential of various preparations, namely: Sanitary saline, Sol-VRC, CS-VE-VRC, PBA-CS-VE-VRC, and 0.1 M NaOH solution on the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane. C Fluorescent preparations of Sol-C6 (a), CS-VE-C6 (b), or PBA-CS-VE-C6 (c) were prepared and their respective uptake rates by the HCE-T cell line (human immortalized corneal epithelial cells) were observed using confocal fluorescence microscopy at 2 h and 4 h D intervals. Scale bar equals 20 μm. This figure has been reprinted from Ref. [208] with permission from Elsevier