Fig. 4

Evaluation of intestinal absorption and pharmacokinetic parameters. (a) The mucus penetration effect of different NPs. (b) The typical 3D CLSM images of the different NPs distribution in mucus. (c) Representative fluorescence images of intestine after the mice were treated with free DOX, DS NPs, SC@DS NPs, SC@DS NPs + Pra and SC@DS NPs + Gly-sar by gavage, respectively. (d) Evaluation of the intestinal absorption of different groups by the in situ intestinal circulation and absorption model. (e) Drug concentration in plasma after oral administration with different groups at a dose equivalent to 30 mg kg^− 1 of DOX.