Fig. 11
Application of neutral polysaccharide-based composites in bone/cartilage regeneration. A CaCl2 and K2HPO4 solutions to mineralize the aligned BC and incorporated HA into aligned and mineralized bacterial cellulose. Reprinted with permission [147]. B Aldehyde–catechol-difunctionalized dextran endowed injectable hydrogels with tissue adhesiveness and self-healing ability. Reprinted with permission [151]. C Glycosylated superparamagnetic nanoparticle pre-loaded with continuous-gradients BMP-2 showed exciting mineralization ability. Reprinted with permission [153]. D Biomass‐derived multilayer‐structured microparticles which were constituted by starches and plant polyphenols to control sustained bleeding and accelerate bone repair in vivo. Reprinted with permission [154]. E 3D nanocomposite hydrogels with starch nanocrystal enhanced the proliferation of chondrogenic. Reprinted with permission [155]