Fig. 4

a Intracellular ROS generation of MDA-MB-231 cells treated with Lenvatinib (2 μg mL⁻¹), AQ4N (2 μg mL⁻¹), free IR 780 (2 μg mL⁻¹) and ILA@Lip (2 μg mL⁻¹) with or without laser (808 nm, 1.0 W cm⁻², 3 min) irradiation was detected with DCFH-DA and observed by CLSM in normoxia or hypoxia. b Quantitative analysis of average mean fluorescence intensity ROS generation. Flow cytometric analysis of ROS production of MAD-MB-231 cells treated with PBS, Lenvatinib (2 μg mL⁻¹), AQ4N (2 μg mL⁻¹), free IR 780 (2 μg mL⁻¹) and ILA@Lip (2 μg mL⁻¹) with or without laser (808 nm, 1.0 W cm⁻², 3 min) irradiation in c normoxia and d hypoxia