Fig. 4
(a) Photographic observations demonstrating the creation of a thrombosis model using a ferric chloride filter paper method (filter paper was soaked in a 35% FeCl3-6H2O solution and positioned on the identified vessel). (b) IVIS (IVIS Lumina III XRMS) data showing a qualitative image and qualitative analysis of fluorescent dipyridamole (DIP) levels along the dotted lines of different formulations (moderate dose (MD) DIP or MD DIP-fucoidan (FU)-polypyrrole (PPy) nanoparticles (NPs)). (c) Fluorescence intensity of DIP in clot in fluorescence images of thrombus sites as analyzed by ImageJ software. The biodistribution results indicated that thrombi treated with free-DIP were unable to explicitly accumulate DIP or allow it to penetrate at the thrombus site. The thrombus site of the group given DIP-FU-PPy NPs exhibited deeper penetration and greater accumulation of DIP. (d) Thermal imaging (A-BF, RX300) showing that locally applied NIR (808 nm, 2.0 W/cm2 for 10 min) could induce hyperthermia in the group that received DIP-FU PPy NPs. (e) Representative photomicrographs of H&E-stained soft tissues (liver, heart, lungs, spleen, and kidneys) after treatment with DIP-FU-PPy NPs. H&E-stained microscopic and hematological data indicated that treatment with DIP-FU-PPy NP had in vivo biological safety (scale bar: 250 μm). (f) Hematological studies and biochemical indexes (red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and white blood cells (WBCs)) assessed using a blood serum hematological analyzer (Procyte Dx, IDEXX Laboratories). Experimental results are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 6). * p < 0.05; NS (non-significant) at p > 0.05). (Moderate dose (MD) DIP equivalent: 3 mg/kg body weight; high dose (HD) DIP equivalent: 5 mg/kg body weight)