Fig. 9
In vitro antibacterial activity of XK and XK/CuS1 hydrogels. A Schematic illustration of the antibacterial mechanism of XK/CuS hydrogels. B Representative colony formation of S. aureus and E. coli on LB agar plates treated with PBS, XK, and XK/CuS1 hydrogels with or without NIR irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2) for 5 min, respectively. C The corresponding statistical data of bacterial colony counting of S. aureus and E. coli. Data were expressed as mean ± SDs, ***p < 0.001. D Live/dead bacteria staining photographs of S. aureus and E. coli. (Live bacteria: green, dead bacteria: red, scale bar: 100 μm)