Fig. 1

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) suppressed LPS-induced inflammation in lung epithelial cells through small extracellular vesicles (sEVs)

(A) A diagram of cell co-culture system in which A549 cells or small airway epithelial cells (SAECs) were cultured in the lower chamber and MSCs were cultured in the upper chamber of a 12-well insert

(B-E) mRNA and protein levels of (B) tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), (C) interleukin-1β (IL-1β), (D) interleukin-6 (IL-6), and chemokines (E) macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in A549 cells which were co-cultured with or without MSCs.

(F-I) mRNA and protein levels of (F) tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), (G) interleukin-1β (IL-1β), (H) interleukin-6 (IL-6), and chemokines (I) macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in SAECs which were co-cultured with or without MSCs.

Statistical analysis: one-way ANOVA with a Tukey-Kramer post hoc test. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, compared between the Sham group and each treated group (LPS, LPS + MSC, LPS + GW4869, LPS + MSC + GW4869). # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01, compared between the LPS and the treated group (LPS + MSC, LPS + GW4869, LPS + MSC + GW4869). & P < 0.05, && P < 0.01, compared between the LPS + MSC and the LPS + GW4869 or LPS + MSC + GW4869 group. n = 3 for mRNA and n = 6 for protein in each group