Fig. 4

Cell migration activity of HSA-bFGF NPs in vitro. (A) Wound area closure assay. Migration of HDFs was observed through a microscope depending upon the incubation time (0 to 40 h), when treated with HSA NP (as a control), commercial bFGF, bFGF, and HSA-bFGF NPs, respectively. Scale bars, 200 μm. (B) Quantified values of wound area. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001, compared with each control (HSA NP group at the same time point). n = 3. (C, D, E, F) Single cell trajectory analysis. (C) Trajectories of a HDF after 48 h of protein or protein nanoparticle treatment. (D) Quantified total migration distance of the HDFs after 48 h. (E) Trajectories of a HDF after 72 h of protein or protein nanoparticle treatment. (F) Quantified total migration distance of the HDFs after 72 h