Fig. 5

Nanoinjection of Cy3-pDNA-GFP into GPE-86 cells using the ENI platform. a Flow cytometry analysis of GPE-86 cells (Negative control (Neg.), 0 V, and 10 V) detached from NTs that were pre-loaded with Cy3-pDNA-GFP. Circle gating indicating Cy3⁺GFP⁺ population. b Plot showing geometric mean fluorescence intensity (GMFI) of GFP expression in cells from non-electroporated (0 V) and electroporated (10 V) samples. Error bars indicate ± SDs, n = 6, **P = 0.002, unpaired t-test. c Confocal microscopy images demonstrating the Cy3 signal in GPE-86 cells and their GFP expression for 0 and 10 V after 24 h. Scale bars: 10 μm