Fig. 6

Nanoinjection of siRNAs for targeted gene knockdown. a Confocal microscopy images showing GPE-86 cells after 24 h culture on Au-coated NTs before and after the nanoscale-EP (10 V; 400 µs; 20 Hz; 600 cycles) that were pre-loaded with scramble (Neg. siRNA, 10 V) or TRIOBP-targeting siRNAs at two working conditions (0 and 10 V). Cells were stained with Hoechst (blue), phalloidin (red), and TRIOBP antibody (green). Scale bars: 20 μm. b Comparison between the three conditions in terms of number of cells within defined regions. Error bars indicate ± SDs, n = 4, ***P = 0.0003 and ****P < 0.0001, one-way ANOVA. c Comparison between the three conditions in terms of cell coverage. Error bars indicate ± SDs; n = 5, ****P < 0.0001, one-way ANOVA. d Knockdown efficiency of TRIOBP and β-actin in electroporated cells (10 V) on NTs loaded with anti­TRIOBP siRNA. Error bars indicate ± SDs, n = 3, unpaired t-test