Fig. 3

Cytotoxicity and in vitro curative effects. a–c The cytotoxicity of various concentrations of PDA(DOX) and DOX on MCF-10A cells, H9C2 cells, and 4T1 cells; d The cytotoxicity of various concentrations of PDA and PDA(DOX) on 4T1 cells; e The photothermal killing effects of PDA or PDA(DOX) on 4T1 cells after NIR irradiation at a laser power of 1.5 W for 5 min; f The synergetic effect of photothermal therapy and chemotherapy on 4T1 cells; g Confocal microscope images of H9C2 and 4T1 cells uptake DOX and PDA(DOX) for 4 h with different concentrations; h Flow cytometric analysis of apoptosis in 4T1 cells after incubated with DOX or PDA(DOX) for 24 h and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining