Fig. 2

(a) In vitro survival rate of HCT116 cells and A549 cells after challenge with increasing concentration of TPSe NPs with or without laser illumination for 5 min at 808 nm (0.5 W cm^− 2). (b) Fluorescence imaging of HCT116 cells (top) and A549 cells (down) co-stained with Propidium Iodide (dead cells emitting red fluorescence) and Calcein AM (live cells emitting green fluorescence)