Fig. 8
A Schematic illustration of the animal experimental procedure. MSCsSC-Exos or CAP-MSCsSC-Exos loading with FAM-miR-199a-3p were intra-articular injected into DMM-induced mice, and the joint samples were collected after 48 h. B Fluorescent images of cartilage tissues treated with MSCsSC-Exos or CAP-MSCsSC-Exos loading with FAM-miR-199a-3p. scale bar: 5 μm. C Schematic diagram of different MSCsSC-Exos delivery systems treatment strategy in DMM-induced OA mice. D The relative expression of miR-199a-3p in cartilage tissues treated with different MSCsSC-Exos delivery systems was detected by RT-PCR in DMM-induced OA mice. E Protein level of mTOR in cartilage tissues treated with different MSCsSC-Exos delivery systems was examined by western blotting in DMM-induced OA mice. F Safranin O/fast green staining of cartilage morphology in each group mice, scale bar: 500 μm (up) and 100 μm (down).G The OARSI scoring system quantify the severity of cartilage destruction. n = 6 for each group. H and I The immunohistochemistry analysis of COL2A1 and MMP13 in articular cartilage of OA mice model. n = 6 for each group. Scale bar: 50 μm. J Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image of autophagic vesicles in cartilage of OA mice. The white arrow indicates the cell bilayer membrane structure of autophagic vesicles. Scale bar: 0.5 μm. n = 6. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.001, ns not significant