Fig. 2

In vitro antitumor efficacy study. A Confocal microscopy images of Raji cells after exposure to photonanomedicine for various time periods. B, C In vitro cytotoxicity of Raji cells treated with PpIX-lacking photonanomedicine, CA-lacking photonanomedicine or photonanomedicine with or without NIR irradiation. D Live&dead staining fluorescence images of Raji cells after various treatments with or without NIR irradiation. E Cell apoptosis was evaluated after different treatments by flow cytometry. F Apoptosis rate of Raji cells was calculated based on part E. G SEM analysis of Raji cells apoptosis after various treatments. 1#: Control; 2#: NIR; 3#: Photonanomedicine; 4#: PpIX-lacking photnanomedicine + NIR; 5#: CA-lacking photonanomedicine + NIR; 6#: Photonanomedicine + NIR. Data were presented as means ± SD, ns means no significant difference, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01