Table 1 Antibacterial agents-loaded MSN nanoplatforms for antibacterial application

Antibiotic delivery

MSNConA@LEVO

E. coli

Effective penetration in Gram-negative bacterial biofilm

[66]

PMB^B/N/C-MSN

E. coli

High loading capacity, enhance antibacterial activity

[68]

MSN-NH₂-CEF/MEP

A. baumannii

Enhance bactericidal activity, reduce side effects and toxicity

[69]

Silver-incorporated

CCM@SBA-15/PDA/Ag

E. coli, S. aureus

Reduce side effects, enhance Gram-negative bacterial killing

[72]

MSN-Ag-DNase I

E. coli, S. mutans

Enhance bacterial biofilm eradication

[73]

Copper-incorporated

SBA-CuO

E. coli

Stronger antibacterial properties

[76]

MSN-maleamic-Cu

E. coli S. aureus

Exhibiting a powerful antibacterial effect

[78]

AZOX@MSNs-PDA-Cu

Pyricularia oryzae

Provides a new way to design antibacterial agents

[79]

Zinc-incorporated

ZnO-SBA-15

E. coli

Coordination effect assist for anti-bacterial application

[85]

ZnO-SiO₂

Candida albicans, S. aureus

Reduce nanoparticle retention risk in host and environment

[86]

Cationic polymer-grated

Spiky silica nanocomposite I

Staphylacoccus Epidermidis

Enhanced anti-microbial and anti-biofilm properties

[88]

Antibacterial peptide-grafted

MSNs@OVTp12@Gen

E. coli

Treatment of bacterial infections effectively and prevention of bacterial drug resistance

[93]

MSN@T7E21R@HD5@SCN

E. coli

Promising oral antibacterial formulation against E. coli

[95]