Scheme 1

Preparation of an NDF-Pro/5-ASA composite microsphere (NDF-M). First, NDFs were extracted and prepared from wholegrains. Second, IL-1β antibodies and BSA/5-ASA were immobilized sequentially to the surface of NDFs by amide bonds to form NDF-Pro/5-ASA. Finally, both NDF-Pro/5-ASA and Bac were wrapped to form NDF-M in the presence of alginate by an electrostatic droplet generator