Scheme 1
Schematic illustration of the fabrication and application of multifunctional hydrogels. Hep-PDA-rGO nanosheets were synthesized in two steps with improved stability attributed to strong negative repulsion (A-I) and then incorporated into a hydrogel matrix to create a conductive Hep-PDA-rGO-PAM gel (A-II). The gel was utilized in two applications: as an epidermal sensor (B-I) and as a diabetic wound dressing integrated with ES due to its multi-functionalities (B-II)