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Table 2  Reported studies on the use of ionic metals functionalized with MNPs for protein purification

From: State of the art on the separation and purification of proteins by magnetic nanoparticles

Technique of synthesis

Size (nm)

 

Functionalizing metal

Core material

Protein target

References

One-pot hydrothermal

140

 

Nickel

Iron oxide

Poly-histidine

Liu et al. [72]

–

80

 

Nickel

Iron oxide

Histidine-tagged proteins

Yao et al. [123]

Ti foils anodization

125–230

 

Fe3O4

TiO2

Histidine-tagged recombinant proteins

Kupcik et al. [62]

–

15

 

Nickel

Iron oxide

Enhanced green fluorescent protein

Wang et al. [114]

–

30

 

lanthanide elements

Iron oxide

Phosphopeptide

Zhai et al. [124]

–

220

 

Copper

Iron oxide

Bovine haemoglobin

Shi et al. [101]

–

220

 

Indium oxide

Iron oxide

Phosphopeptide

Jiang et al. [58]

Thermal plasma and chemical method involving co-precipitation of nitrate salts

28–32

 

Nickel

Iron oxide

Bovine serum albumin

Bhosale et al. [7]

Thermal plasma

240

 

Nickel–Zinc

Iron oxide

Histidine-tagged proteins

Feczkó et al. [37]

–

6–8

 

Nickel

Iron oxide

Histidine-tagged proteins

Sahu et al. [96]

Solvothermal Method

200

 

Nickel

Iron oxide

Histidine-tagged red fluorescent protein

Yang et al. [122]

Coprecipitation method

221

 

Titanium

Iron oxide

Phosphopeptide

Piovesana et al. [88]

Coprecipitation method

70

 

Nickel

Iron oxide

Histidine-tagged proteins

Rashid et al. [93]

High-temperature diol reduction method

5

 

Copper

CoFe2O4

Bovine haemoglobin

Li et al. [65]

 

–

 

Nickel

Iron oxide

Pullulanases

Wang et al. [112]

Water-in-oil microemulsion technique

8

 

Zinc

Iron oxide

Histidine-tagged phycobiliprotein

Chen et al. [22]

–

20

 

Iron

Iron oxide

Phosvitin phosphopeptides

Zhang et al. [125]

–

10

 

–

Fe3O4–Na2Ti3O7

Albumin and haemoglobin

Zhou et al. [131]

Coprecipitation method

14

 

Nickel

Cobalt ferrite

Tpv-sHSP 14.3

Aygar et al. [4]

Hydrothermal method

30

 

Nickel

Iron oxide

Histidine-tagged proteins

Cao et al. [15]

Coprecipitation method

11

 

Co2+

Iron oxide

Benzaldehyde lyase

Tural et al. [108]

–

35

 

Nickel

Iron oxide

Histidine-tagged proteins

Rashid et al. [93]

Coprecipitation method

30

 

Nickel

NiFe2O4

Histidine-tagged proteins

Mirahmadi-Zare et al. [76]

Water-in-oil microemulsion technique

200

 

Co2+

Iron oxide

Histidine-tagged proteins

Feng et al. [38]

Solvothermal Method

225

 

Gadolinium

Iron oxide

Phosphopeptides

Jiang et al. [57]

–

36

 

Zirconium, Nickel and Copper

Iron oxide

Histidine-tagged green fluorescent protein

Fraga García et al. [42]

Coprecipitation Method

75

 

Nickel

Iron oxide

Histidine-tagged enzyme

Wang et al. [113]

–

9

 

Nickel

Iron oxide

Histidine-tagged fluorescent DsRed proteins

Bloemen et al. [8]

Coprecipitation Method

75

 

Nickel

MnFe2O4

Histidine-tagged proteins

Rashid et al. [94]

Modified polyol method

68

 

Nickel

Iron oxide

Single-domain antibody ToxA5.1

Parisien et al. [85]

–

16

 

Zirconium

Iron oxide

α- and β-caseins

Zhao et al. [130]

–

27–31

 

Copper

Iron oxide

Bovine haemoglobin and bovine serum albumin

Zhang et al. [129]

One-pot hydrothermal method

83

 

Nickel

Graphene

Poly-histidine-tagged proteins

Liu et al. [68]

Solvothermal method

281

 

Copper

CoFe2O4

Haemoglobin

Liu et al. [70]