Fig. 5From: Advanced extracellular vesicle bioinformatic nanomaterials: from enrichment, decoding to clinical diagnosticsSingle Extracellular Vesicle Detection. (A) Digital ELISA assay for single-specific EV detection. (B) Comparing the sensitivity and the dynamic range of DEVA, NTA, and Nanoview. (C) Illustration of the HNCIB system for simultaneous detection of PD-L1 membrane protein and mRNA in a single EV. (D) Statistic analysis of the differential membrane protein expression of PD-L1 + EVs.Back to article page