Fig. 1

Injection of inactivated CV-exosomes caused symptoms of cobra envenomation in mice and expression of miRNAs in CV-exosomes. A The results of CV-exosomes identification by atomic force microscopy. B The results of CV-exosomes identification by negative staining electron microscopy. C Changes in mice body temperature after injection with CV-exosomes. D Changes in mice body weight gain 9 days after CV-exosome injection. E Heatmap representation of dysregulated mRNAs in the liver 9 days after CV-exosome injection. F Volcano plot showing significantly differentially expressed mRNAs between the NC and CV-exosome treatment groups. G GO enrichment analysis of dysregulated mRNAs between NC and CV-exosome treatment groups. H KEGG pathway analysis of dysregulated mRNAs between NC and CV-exosome treatment groups. I GSEA of dysregulated mRNAs between NC and CV-exosome treatment groups. J miRNA content of CV-exosomes from different ages. K GO enrichment analysis of the top 10 significantly different miRNAs after CV-exosome treatment. L KEGG pathway analysis of the top 10 significantly different miRNAs after CV-exosome treatment. Data are presented as mean ± SD. * represents P < 0.05. NC negative control