Fig. 7

Enhanced anti-tumor therapy by immunostimulatory dsDNA@DMONs combined with anti-PD-L1 blockade. A Schematic illustration of the dosing regimen, a subcutaneous tumor model was established on C57BL/6J mice using B16-F10, and after tumor formation, each group (n ≥ 5) was given different treatments according to the illustrated regimen. B Tumor growth curve of mice in each group. C Representative photographs of B16-F10 tumor tissues dissected from each group. D Flow cytometry analysis showing the percentage of CD8⁺ and CD4⁺ T cells in CD45⁺CD3⁺ cells. E Number of CD8⁺ T lymphocytes per 100,000 cells in tumor tissues from each group. F Flow cytometric analysis of TNFα⁺ CD8⁺ T lymphocytes out of the total CD8⁺ T lymphocytes and G the respective statistical analysis. H Number of DC cells per 100,000 cells in tumor tissues from each group. I Expression of CD80 on the surface of DC cells. J Number of NK cells per 100,000 cells in tumor tissues from each group. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (n ≥ 3). P value was calculated by unpaired Student's t-test in E, G–J or two-way ANOVA in B. (**p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001)