Fig. 1

Formation of mouse and human protein corona on PNPs. A. Detection of protein corona formation by TEM analysis of PNPs before and after incubation with serum. Data are represented as mean ± SEM and analyzed by the two-tailed Student’s t-test. Black spots represent single measurements. *** p-value <0.001. B. Deposition of proteins on PNPs was also detected by SDS-PAGE and Brilliant Blue staining. The identity of the bands was determined by LC-MS/MS analysis and indicated on the right side of SDS-PAGE. The number of different proteins detected on uPNPs (C) and tPNPs (D) was obtained by LC-MS/MS analysis and reported in a Venn diagram. PBS: phosphate buffered saline; PNPs: polymeric nanoparticles; uPNPs: untargeted PNPs; tPNPs: targeted PNPs; MPC: mouse protein corona; HPC: human protein corona