Fig. 5

Controlled-release properties of exosomes from hydrogels and their uptake by HUVECs. a The BCA method was used to measure the controlled release curve of exosomes in GelMA-Exos. b Characteristic surface antibodies of HUVEC: CD31 and von Willebrand factor (vWF). c Immunofluorescence was used to observe the uptake of exosomes contained in GelMA-Exos by HUVECs. The nucleus was stained blue with DAPI, and the exosomes were stained red with PKH26. CD31, vWF, and CD63 was dyed green