Fig. 2

The interactions between the Cy5-tagged miRNAs and GQDs, together with physicochemical properties of the formed nanocomplexes. A Fluorescent intensity of Cy5-miR (100 nM) in the presence of varying concentrations of GQDs (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20, 30 and 40 µg/mL). B The fluorescent quenching efficiency of Cy5-miR (100 nM) and GQDs was calculated. F Fluorescent intensity of the Cy5-miR interacted with varying concentrations of GQDs, F0 fluorescent intensity of Cy5-miR without GQDs. C Fluorescent intensity of GQDs/Cy5-miR in the solution after incubating with different concentrations of CTS-CCND1 (200, 300, 400, 500, 600 and 700 nM). D Fluorescent recovery efficiency calculated to determine the minimum ratio of CTS-CCND1 for miR-193a-3p release in GQDs/Cy5-miR. E Fluorescence intensity of GQDs/Cy5-miR under different conditions: with no target, CTS-CCND1 or scramble sequence. F Zeta potentials of GQDs and GQDs/Cy5-miR were measured. G AFM images and topographic height histograms of GQDs and GQDs/Cy5-miR