Fig. 7

Antibacterial activity of nanomaterials in the infected wound model in vivo. a Schematic illustration showing the process of experiments about wound repair evaluation. b Representative photographs and schematic presentation of wound healing sites. Scale bars are 5 mm. c Quantitative analysis of wound area. d, e Quantitative analysis of CFUs and photographs of bacterial colonies of the infected wounds on day 1. f Gram staining of infected skin tissues on day 3. Scale bars are 50 μm. g Serum levels of IL-1b, IL-6, and TNF-α in blood samples collected on day 3. h H&E staining of the infected tissues on day 3. Left scale bars are 200 μm and right scale bars are 100 μm. i Immunostaining of infected skin tissues stained with CD68 and DAPI on day 7. Scale bars are 100 μm. j Quantifications of macrophages (CD68) in the infected skin tissues. The data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 5). Statistical significance: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001 and ****P < 0.0001