Fig. 2

The biocompatibility of each group was evaluated. (A) Live/dead analysis was conducted after 1 day of cell culture. Green (AM-stained) and red (PI-stained) cells represented living and dead cells, respectively. Scale bar = 200 μm. (B) The CCK-8 test was performed in each group after 1, 3, and 7 days of cell culture (n = 5). (C) Cytoskeleton images of NSCs after 3 days of culture in each group. Scale bar = 100 μm. (D) HE stained images of the liver, kidney, heart, lung, and spleen of the sacrificed mice after 6 weeks of TP or TPME treatment. Scale bar = 400 μm. (E) Photograph of TPME-treated serum extracted from whole blood. Triton-100X and PBS were used as the positive and negative controls, respectively. This corresponds to the OD value of each group. (F) Serum levels of ALT, AST, and total protein in different groups. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001)