Table 2 Immunomodulatory nanotherapeutic strategies for periodontitis treatment
Nanoparticles | Delivery systems | Drugs | Outcome | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Lipo-RSV | Liposome | Resveratrol | Reprogramed the macrophages from M1- to M2-like phenotype, adjustment of the immune microenvironment | [89] |
DPSC-Exo/CS | Exosomes | / | Suppressed periodontal inflammation by promoting the conversion of macrophages from a pro-inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory phenotype in the periodontium of mice with periodontitis | [90] |
CeO2@QU | Nanoparticles | Quercetin | Scavenged ROS and regulated the conversion of M1 phenotype macrophages to the M2 phenotype to regulate the immune microenvironment | [14] |
3D-exos | Exosomes | / | Alleviated Th17 cell/Treg imbalance and reduce inflammation | [99] |
PDLSC-exos | Exosomes | / | PDLSC-exos transferred miR-155-5p into CD4 + T cells to affecting the Th17/Treg homeostasis | [100] |
Nano-BA/BE | Polymeric nanoparticles | Baicalein/Baicalin | Alleviated the expression of Il-1β-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and regulating the immune microenvironment | [104] |
PDA NPs | Polydopamine nanoparticles | / | Effectively scavenges ROS in the body, relieves oxidative stress and reduces local periodontal inflammation | [105] |