Fig. 7

Macrophage subset alterations and polarization effects in kidney microenvironment under PS-MPs plus HFD treatment. A UMAP of macrophages colored by four treatment groups (left) and macrophage subsets (right). B The proportion of macrophage subsets in the ND and HFD groups (left) and four treatment groups (right). C Heatmap of the top 10 DEGs among macrophage subsets according to log fold changes. D Violin plot of the top 3 DEGs among macrophage subsets according to log fold changes. E The M1 and M2 polarization scores in distinct macrophage subsets. F Relative expression level of macrophage markers in distinct macrophage subsets. G The immune regulatory score and interferon-stimulated score in distinct macrophage subsets. H The lipid metabolic, pro-inflammatory, and tissue resident-like scores in distinct macrophage subsets. I GO enrichment analysis of upregulation pathways of Macrophages_CCL5 in PS-MPs plus HFD group vs. HFD group (left) and KEGG enrichment analysis of upregulation pathways of Macrophages_Pf4 in PS-MPs plus HFD group vs. HFD group (right). J Pseudotime trajectory analysis colored by macrophage subsets at varying pseudotime stages (right) and by individual macrophage subsets (left). K The top 8 differential expression genes with pseudotime progression among macrophage subsets. L Heatmap of differential expression genes with pseudotime progression