Fig. 8

Inflammatory cytokine changes, oxidative indicator changes, and protein expression results in the prostate after HA/LF@EMO-NPs Gel treatment for CNP. A Histogram analysis of changes in inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) in the rat serum between the eight formulations. B Histogram analysis of changes in oxidative indicator (MDA) in the rat prostate between the eight formulations. C Histogram analysis of changes in inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in the rat prostate between the eight formulations. D Western blot results and histogram analysis of rat prostatic protein expression (MyD88, TLR4, NF-κB p65, and β-Actin) across the eight formulations. Data are mean ± SEM (n = 6). *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01