Fig. 1
Characterization of NPs. (a) Representative TEM image of NPs. Scale bar:200 nm. (b) STEM image of NPs and corresponding elemental mapping images of C, O, Ce and Mn of NPs. Scale bar: 50 nm. (c) Size distribution of the NPs. (d) UV–vis absorbance spectrum of the NPs. (e) Schematic illustration of the mechanism of ROS scavenging by NPs. (f) The concentration-dependent research of ABTS in the presence of NPs. (g) Quantitative analysis of ABTS scavenging capabilities after incubation with different concentrations of NPs. (h) UV-vis spectra of DPPH after incubation with various concentrations of NPs as mentioned. (i) Quantitative analysis of DPPH scavenging capabilities. (j) The H2O2 scavenging efficiency of NPs. (k) The hydroxyl radical (·OH) scavenging efficiency of NPs. (l) Superoxide anion (O2•−) scavenging activity of the NPs at different concentrations. (m-n) Evaluation of (m) CAT and (n) POD-like activities of NPs at different concentrations. Data were expressed as the mean ± SEM (n = 3, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001)