Table 1 Neurologically derived exosomes for neurotrauma therapy

Xu, et al.

Neuron

Mouse

SCI

IV(Intravenous injection)

-

Reverse the activation of microglia and astrocytes and promote the maturation of OPCs

[45]

Jiang D, et al.

Neuron

Mouse

SCI

IV

miR-124-3p

Suppressing the

activation of neurotoxic microglia and astrocytes

[46]

Zhang, et al.

Astrocyte

Mouse

TBI

IV

-

Suppressing mitochondrial oxidative stress and apoptosis

[55]

Lu, et al.

Astrocyte

Rat

SCI

IV

-

Alleviating fibrosis

[56]

Wang, et al.

Astrocyte

Mouse

TBI

IV

Bcl-2 and Bax shRNA plasmids

Reducing apoptosis

[57]

Feng, et al.

Astrocyte

Rat

TBI

IV

GJA1-20k

Promoting mitochondrial autophagy and ameliorate apoptosis

[58]

Chen, et al.

Astrocyte

Mouse

TBI

IV

GJA1-20k

Downregulating the apoptosis rate and upregulated mitochondrial function

[58]

Pan, et al.

Schwann cell

Mouse

SCI

IV

-

Inhibiting CSPGS deposition

[64]

Pan, et al.

Schwann cell

Rat

SCI

IV

-

increase autophagy and decrease apoptosis

[65]

Ren, et al.

Schwann cell

Rat

SCI

IV

MFG-E8

Attenuating inflammation

[66]

Huang, et al.

Schwann cell

Rat

SCI

IV

-

Promoting angiogenesis

[67]

Li, et al.

cerebrospinal fluid

Mouse

SCI

LI (Local Injection)

-

Promote vascular regeneration

[70]

Ibrahim, et al.

Subventricular zone

Rat

SCI

IV

-

Attenuating inflammation

[72]

Ijaz, et al.

Subventricular zone

Rat

SCI

IV

-

Attenuating inflammation

[73]

Tu, et al.

Olfactory ensheathing cells

Vitro

-

-

-

Enhance the viability of neural progenitor cells

[77]

Fan, et al.

Olfactory ensheathing cells

Rat

 SCI

LI

-

Switching the phenotype of macrophages/microglia

[78]