Scheme
Schematic preparation of TK-MLP@(GP + EM) NPs and the strategy for atherosclerosis treatment. Firstly, nanoliposomes (LP NPs) were utilized as carriers for co-loading Geniposide (GP) and Emodin (EM) with a high drug-loading efficiency. Next, a ROS-sensitive linker known as DSPE-TK-PEG2000 was employed to modify the nanoliposomes. Finally, the nanoliposomes were masked with the macrophage cell membrane (Møm), resulting in the formation of TK-MLP@(GP + EM) NPs. Upon intravenous administration, the TK-MLP@(GP + EM) NPs exert their inhibitory effect on AS through a well-defined mechanism. Specifically, large amounts of ROS produced by dysfunctional mitochondria can trigger the structural destruction of the nanosystem, with rapid release of GP and EM, leading to the inhibition of endothelial apoptosis as well as the reduction in macrophage lipid accumulation, both of which are critical steps involved in the progression of plaques. Therefore, the TK-MLP@(GP + EM) NPs is effective in the treatment of AS.