Fig. 5

Enhancement of in vivo angiogenesis by miR@TDNs. a Photographs before implantation and photographs 14 days after the implantation of the gel plugs. b Results of statistical analysis, including the ratio of \(\hbox {RBC}^{+}\) vessels, lumen area, and \(\hbox {CD31}^{+}\) lumen length, \(\hbox {n}=3\). c Microscopic images of matrigel plugs removed from subcutaneous tissue of nude mice 14 days post-surgery. d H &E staining and, e positive IHC staining of CD31 illustrating the formation of newly formed capillaries, \(\hbox {n}=3\). Data presented as mean ± SD, with statistical analysis indicating \(*** p<0.001\) and NS indicating no significance