Fig. 6

Transcriptome analysis elucidates the underlying mechanism of action in DPSCs induced by miR@TDNs. a Results of PCA using differentially expressed genes from the miR@TDN_DPSC and DPSC groups. Each data point represents the PCA analysis of an individual sample. b The Venn diagram illustrates the differentially expressed mRNAs in the miR@TDN_DPSCs and DPSCs groups. c The volcano plot illustrates the disparities in gene expression between the miR@TDN_DPSCs and DPSCs groups. The blue points denote the significantly reduced genes with a fold change \(>2\), the red points represent the significantly upregulated genes with a fold change \(>2\), and the grey points indicate the absence of any significant differences. d The heatmap displays the expression of genes associated with angiogenic functions in both the miR@TDN_DPSCs and DPSCs groups. e Results of GO enrichment analysis conducted to explore the relationship between the representative differentially expressed genes and their enriched pathways. f The bubble charts depict the results of the KEGG pathway analysis for differentially expressed genes (top 20 KEGG pathways of differentially expressed genes)