Fig. 12
From: Neuromodulation by nanozymes and ultrasound during Alzheimer’s disease management
TPP-ceria NPs restore mitochondrial morphology and reduce oxidative stress. A TEM images showing representative mitochondrial morphologies of LT + sham, Tg + sham, and Tg + TPP-ceria NPs. Scale bar = 500 nm (n = 4 per group). Magnified images of the boxed areas are shown below. Arrows and arrowheads indicate TPP-ceria NPs in mitochondrial matrix and cytosol, respectively. Scale bar = 250 nm. B Western blot analysis for oxidative stress markers in 5XFAD mice treated with TPP-ceria NPs (n = 3 per group). Data were normalized with respect to the signal of GAPDH. Statistical analysis was performed using an ANOVA test. Error bars represent 95% CIs. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; LT + sham: littermate mice; Tg + sham: 5XFAD mice. C TPP-ceria NPs localize to mitochondria of subicular cells due to their small hydrodynamic diameter (22 nm) and highly positive charge (+45 mV) [124]. Reproduced with permission copyright 2016, American Chemical Society