Fig. 1

DOX internalization in peripheral blood lymphocytes. A PBMC collected from healthy donors and treated with different concentrations of DOX (0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 μM) for 1, 3 and 24 h to assess drug uptake. DOX uptake has been monitored during time by flow cytometry measuring DOX MFI in DOX⁺ cells. Untreated PBMC were used to select the region of positivity. B PBMC treated with DOX at 0.1, 1 and 10 μM for 24 h and acquired by confocal microscopy. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue), while the DOX fluorescence signal was reported in red. Scale bar = 10 µm